Silicon daim ntawv cog lus thaum ua kua thiab nthuav thaum solidified. Nws muaj lub siab melting thiab boiling point thiab tsim ib lub pob zeb diamond cubic siv lead ua qauv thaum crystallized. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm silicon lub luag hauj lwm raws li ib tug semiconductor thiab nws siv nyob rau hauv electronics yog lub ntsiab lub atomic qauv, uas muaj xws li plaub valence electrons, cia silicon yooj yim ua ke nrog rau lwm yam.
Feem ntau ntawm silicon refined txhua xyoo - nyob ib ncig ntawm 80% - yog tsim raws li ferrosilicon rau siv nyob rau hauv steelmaking. Raws li cov smelter xav tau, ferrosilicon tuaj yeem muaj 15% mus rau 90% silicon.
Alloys ntawm hlau thiab silicon yog tsim los ntawm kev txo smelting siv ore arc furnaces. Cov pa roj carbon monoxide xws li silica-nplua nuj ores thiab coking thee (metallurgical thee) raug crushed thiab loaded rau hauv lub cub tawg nrog rau seem hlau. Thaum kub tshaj 1900 degree (3450 degree F), cov pa roj carbon reacts nrog cov pa oxygen tam sim no hauv cov ore los tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov hlau seem thiab silicon sib xyaw ua ke los ua molten ferrosilicon, uas tuaj yeem sau los ntawm tapping rau hauv qab ntawm lub cub tawg.
Thaum txias thiab tawv, ferrosilicon tuaj yeem thauj thiab siv ncaj qha hauv kev tsim steel. Tib txoj kev, tsis suav nrog hlau, yog siv los tsim metallurgical qib silicon nrog purity ntau dua 99%. Metallurgical silicon kuj tseem siv hauv steelmaking, nrog rau kev tsim khoom ntawm aluminium alloys thiab silane chemicals.
Metallurgical silicon yog cais los ntawm impurity theem ntawm hlau, txhuas thiab calcium uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov hlau. Piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus hlau thiab txhuas hauv 553 hlau silicon tsawg dua 0.5%, thiab cov ntsiab lus calcium tsawg dua 0.3%. Ferrosilicon muaj ntau yam kev siv dua li steelmaking. Nws yog prealloy siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov ferrosilicon magnesium thiab ib tug nodulizing neeg sawv cev siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov hlau ductile.
