Puas yog Silicon yog tus coj? Ntshiab vs Doped Silicon conductivity

Cov lus nug tseem ceeb yog li ntawd tsis yog xwbsilicontuaj yeem nqa tam sim no. Nws yogvim li cas tib silicon siv lead ua tuaj yeem ua tsis zoo nyob rau hauv nws lub xeev ntshiab thiab ua tau ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob tom qab tswj tau cov tshuaj doping.

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau yog pawg los ntawm qhov yooj yim npaum li cas cov cab kuj tuaj yeem txav los ntawm lawv. Silicon zaum ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib thiab ib qho insulator.

Yog li piav qhia txog silicon yooj yim raws li tus neeg xyuas pib lossis ib qho insulator nco cov cuab yeej uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Silicon yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas nws tus cwj pwm hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau ntau yam kev ua tau zoo.

Ntshiab crystalline silicon muaj plaub valence electrons. Nyob rau hauv lub siv lead ua, txhua silicon atom qhia cov electrons nrog cov atoms nyob sib ze los ntawm covalent bonds.

Vim tias muaj ntau yam ntawm cov valence electrons koom nrog kev sib koom ua ke, tsawg tsawg yog pub dawb txav los ntawm cov siv lead ua thiab nqa tam sim no ntawm chav tsev kub.

Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau ib txwm, qhov twg cov neeg coob coob ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tes hluav taws xob twb muaj rau kev coj ua.

Ntshiab silicon yog li hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog piv nrog cov khoom siv hlau, tab sis nws tsis yog qhov tsis zoo. Lub zog hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab qhov, tso cai rau kev ntsuas tam sim no.

Intrinsic Silicon muaj ob peb tus nqi pub dawb

Silicon tsis txhob txwm doping yog hu uaintrinsic silicon.

Nws tus cwj pwm hluav taws xob feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov nqa khoom tsim tawm hauv cov khoom nws tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, lawv cov concentration yog tsawg, uas muab intrinsic silicon ntau dua resistivity dua ib tug zoo metallic conductor.

Qhov uas tsis tshua muaj intrinsic conductivity tsim qhov chaw pib los ntawm cov kws ua haujlwm semiconductor txhob txwm hloov cov khoom siv.

Common Industrial Silicon Qib

 

Silicon hlau 441

Silicon hlau 553

Silicon hlau 3303

Doping yog cov txheej txheem uas hloov silicon qhov tsis tshua muaj qhov ua tau zoo rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tswj tau.

Doping tsis tig silicon rau hauv hlau.Hloov chaw, ua tib zoo xaiv cov atoms tau nkag mus rau hauv silicon siv lead ua los hloov cov naj npawb thiab hom muaj cov khoom thauj khoom.

N-Hom Silicon Ntxiv Electron Charge Carriers

N- hom silicon yog tsim los ntawm kev pub dawb dopants xws li phosphorus lossis arsenic.

Cov atoms no muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntxiv uas tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv kev siv hluav taws xob yooj yim dua li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob khi rau hauv cov qauv silicon li qub.

Vim li ntawd,electrons yog feem ntau them tus nqa khoom hauv N-hom silicon.

P-Type Silicon Creates Hole Charge Carriers

P-hom silicon siv cov dopants txais xws li boron lossis gallium.

Cov dopants no tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo hauv cov iav siv lead ua. Cov vacancy no tau piav raws liqhovthiab coj raws li tus neeg nqa khoom zoo.

Hauv P-hom silicon, qhov tau dhau los ua cov neeg nqa khoom feem ntau.

Lub peev xwm los tsim N- hom thiab P- hom cheeb tsam yog qhov tseem ceeb dua li tsuas yog ua silicon "ntau dua." Nws tso cai rau tus cwj pwm hluav taws xob los tsim kev sib txawv hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm tib lub semiconductor qauv.

Tsis muaj ib qho nqi hluav taws xob conductivity uas sawv cev rau txhua yam khoom siv silicon.

Conductivity thiab resistivity nyob ntawm seb qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom raug ntsuas.

Kub Hloov Silicon Conductivity

Raws li qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv silicon nce, cov khoom thauj khoom tuaj yeem muaj ntau dua.

Nws conductivity yog li feem ntau nce nrog kub. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau uas raug, qhov kev tiv thaiv ib txwm sawv thaum cov khoom kub kub.

Purity thiab Dopant Concentration Hloov Silicon Resistivity

Cov tshuaj purity siab dua tsis tuaj yeem txhais tau tias muaj hluav taws xob ntau dua.

Cov ntshiab intrinsic silicon tuaj yeem muaj kev tiv thaiv siab heev vim nws muaj ob peb tus neeg nqa khoom.

Thaum tswj tau cov tshuaj dopants ntxiv, cov cab kuj concentration hloov thiab conductivity tuaj yeem nce ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, lub ntsiab lus hluav taws xob specification yuav tsum paub qhov txawvkev huvlos ntawmdopant concentration.

Crystal Defects tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau Silicon hluav taws xob cwj pwm

Crystal defects, grain ciam teb thiab paug yuav cuam tshuam li cas tus nqi thauj mus los ntawm silicon.

Qhov no yog vim li cas cov khoom siv semiconductor tsis tau teev tseg tsuas yog los ntawm lub hauv paus purity. Crystal zoo, dopant tswj thiab resistivity kuj tseem ceeb heev.

Silicon tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim tias nws cov conductivity tuaj yeem tsim kho, tsis yog vim nws ib txwm ua hluav taws xob zoo heev.

Los ntawm kev tsim cov cheeb tsam nrog kev tswj cov khoom thauj ntau, silicon tuaj yeem txhawb cov qauv hluav taws xob siv hauv:

• Transistors
• Integrated Circuits
• Computer Chips
• Solar Cells
• Cov khoom siv semiconductor

Cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig yog li ntawdtswj conductivity: engineers tuaj yeem txhob txwm tsim cov cheeb tsam uas teb txawv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tib silicon-cov khoom siv.

Muaj Silicon Hlau thiab semiconductor- qib silicon yog ob qho tib si raws li lub caij Si, tab sis lawv tsis yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib hloov.

Piv txwv li, cov qib kev lag luam xws li Silicon Hlau 553 thiab 441 feem ntau sib txawv los ntawm metallurgical Chemical Composition, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Fe, Al thiab Ca txwv.

Koj tuaj yeem pom qhov txawv ntawm peb industrial silicon qib sib piv .

Cov lej no tsis qhia koj txog qhov dopant concentration lossis resistivity xav tau rau kev siv semiconductor.

Hauv peb cov khoom siv silicon, peb paub qhov txawv ntawm metallurgical Chemical Composition los ntawm hluav taws xob- cov khoom yuav tsum tau muaj. Yog tias koj cov txheej txheem qis qis yog nyob ntawm kev coj ua, purity, dopant qib lossis tiv taus, cov kev ntsuas no yuav tsum tau lees paub cais tsis yog kev txiav txim siab los ntawm qib Silicon hlau tus qauv.

Ntshiab silicon yogtsis zoo hluav taws xob conductorpiv nrog tooj liab, txhuas los yog lwm yam hlau conductors.

Nws qhov tseem ceeb yog los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv: conductivity tuaj yeem txhob txwm hloov pauv los ntawm kev tswj cov khoom thauj.

Intrinsic silicon pib nrog ob peb lub xov tooj ntawm tes. N- hom doping nce muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thaum P- hom doping tsim qhov. Kub, dopant concentration, purity thiab crystal zoo ces ntxiv cuam tshuam rau qhov kawg conductivity thiab resistivity.

Qhov no yog vim li cas lo lus nug "Puas silicon ua hluav taws xob?" muaj cov lus teb yooj yim tab sis ib qho tseem ceeb tsim nyog: